The Prefrontal Cortex, Fifth Edition
Language: English
Pages: 460
ISBN: 012407815X
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
The Prefrontal Cortex, Fifth Edition,
provides users with a thoroughly updated version of this comprehensive work that has historically served as the classic reference on this part of the brain.
The book offers a unifying, interdisciplinary perspective that is lacking in other volumes written about the frontal lobes, and is, once again, written by the award-winning author who discovered "memory cells," the physiological substrate of working memory.
The fifth edition constitutes a comprehensive update, including all the major advances made on the physiology and cognitive neuroscience of the region since publication in 2008.
All chapters have been fully revised, and the overview of prefrontal functions now interprets experimental data within the theoretical framework of the new paradigm of cortical structure and dynamics (the Cognit Paradigm), addressing the accompanying social, economic, and cultural implications.
- Provides a distinctly interdisciplinary view of the prefrontal cortex, covering all major methodologies, from comparative anatomy to modern imaging
- Unique analysis and synthesis of a large body of basic and clinical data on the subject (more than 2000 references)
- Written by an award-winning author who discovered "memory cells," the physiological substrate of working memory
- Synthesizes evidence that the prefrontal cortex constitutes a complex pre-adaptive system
- Incorporates emerging study of the role of the frontal lobes in social, economic, and cultural adaptation
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III. DEVELOPMENT AND INVOLUTION Flechsig’s concepts drew sharp criticism from the most prominent neuroscientists of his day – including Wernicke, Monakow, Nissl, and Vogt – with the notable exception of Cajal (1904, 1955), who praised and defended them. The main difficulties with those concepts can be summarized as follows (Bishop, 1965): 1. Staining methods have limitations, and myeloarchitecture is harder to determine reliably than cytoarchitecture 2. Some fibers conduct impulses before and.
1964; Lezak, 1983). Interference may also be responsible for the frontal patient’s deficits in shortterm memory tasks (Stuss, 1991; Chao and Knight, 1995; also see below); in stimulus detection and sequencing tasks (Richer et al., 1993; Décary and Richer, 1995; Lepage and Richer, 1996; Richer and Lepage, 1996); in the so-called “tests of planning” (Wilkins et al., 1987; Goel and Grafman, 1995); and in the Stroop task (Perret, 1974; Vendrell et al., 1995), which requires the rapid naming of color.
Been known, and can be readily observed in Nissl and Weigert preparations (Figure 2.6); they are present in the prefrontal cortex, although not as conspicuously as elsewhere (Bonin and Bailey, 1947; Bonin and Mehler, 1971). Other vertical formations are the plexuses of terminal thalamic afferents (Lorente de Nó, 1949; Scheibel and Scheibel, 1970), the axons of local chandelier neurons (Lewis and Lund, 1990), and the bundles of apical dendrites traversing the upper cortical layers (Fleischauer,.
1980. A theoretical model is as good as the means to prove it right or wrong, and in recent years the means to do it with my model have become ever more accessible. As a result, substantial parts of the model have gained strength and acceptability, despite some changes in terminology. Now, before a brief outline of my ideas concerning the functions of the prefrontal cortex, a disclaimer of originality is again necessary. Surely, those are ideas that others have expressed before in one form or.
The reward transmitter become almost meaningless. The III. TRANSMITTERS IN THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX aggregates of DA cells in orbital prefrontal cortex are undoubtedly at the crossroads of the frontolimbic circuitry of the mesocortical DA system and, at the same time, nodular components of cognitive networks representing the reward in the context of its history – i.e. the associations it has formed with other elements of the environment by prior learning and experience. On both counts, the.