The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning (Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology)
Language: English
Pages: 874
ISBN: 0521531012
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
Written by foremost authorities from cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience, the chapters of this reference summarize basic concepts and facts of a major topic, sketch its history, and analyze the progress its research is currently making. The volume also includes work related to developmental, social and clinical psychology, philosophy, economics, artificial intelligence, linguistics, education, law, and medicine. The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning comprises the first comprehensive and authoritative handbook for all core topics within the fields of thinking and reasoning.
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Nation of iterative retrospective revaluation (Macho & Burkart, 2002). Iterative Retrospective Revaluation If an equation in several variables characterizes the operation of a system, the equation can potentially be used flexibly to solve for each variable when given the values of other variables, and the solutions would all be logically consistent. Evidence suggests that the equations in the power PC theory are used this way. Macho and Burkart (2002, Experiment 2) presented trials in two phases:.
Kahneman & Frederick, Chap. 1 2). The idea is that there are two distinct cognitive systems with different evolutionary histories. System 1 (to use Stanovich’s terminology) is the ancient system that relies on associative learning through distributed neural networks and may also reflect the operation of innate modules. It is really a bundle of systems that most theorists regarded as implicit, meaning that only the final products of such a process register in consciousness, and they may stimulate.
Have pressed the point that research on concepts has diverged from psycholinguistics because two different concepts of concepts seem to be in play in these fields. However, it cannot be true that the concepts we use in online sentence understanding are unrelated to the concepts we employ in concepts and categories reasoning and categorizing. There is an opportunity for theorists and experimenters here to provide an account of the interface between these functions. One possibility, for example,.
Thinking is so commonplace that it is easy to assume the psychological mechanisms underlying it are relatively simple. They are not. The capacity to form and manipulate relational representations appears to be a late evolutionary development (Robin & Holyoak, 1 995 ) closely tied to the increase in the size and complexity of the frontal cortex in the brains of higher primates, especially humans (Stuss & Benson, 1 986). Relational thinking also develops relatively late in childhood (see, e.g.,.
Condition were not told how prohibition mapped onto the marijuana debate, nor were they asked to draw any inferences. After a delay (1 week in one experiment, 1 5 minutes in another), the students were given a list of sentences and were asked to decide whether each sentence had actually been presented in the text about marijuana use. The critical items were sentences such as “The government could set up agencies to control the quality and take over 1 30 the cambridge handbook of thinking and.