Oxford Handbook of Public Health Practice (Oxford Medical Handbooks)
Walter Ricciardi, Iain Lang
Language: English
Pages: 704
ISBN: 0199586306
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
Fully revised and updated for the third edition, the Oxford Handbook of Public Health Practice remains the first resort for all those working in this broad field. Structured to assist with practical tasks, translating evidence into policy, and providing concise summaries and real-world issues from across the globe, this literally provides a world of experience at your fingertips.
Easy-to-use, concise and practical, it is structured into seven parts that focus on the vital areas of assessment, data and information, direct action, policy, health-care systems, personal effectiveness and organisational development. Reflecting recent advances, the most promising developments in practical public health are presented, as well as maintaining essential summaries of core disciplines. This handbook is designed to assist students and practitioners around the world, for improved management of disasters, epidemics, health behaviour, acute and chronic disease prevention, community and government action, environmental health, vulnerable populations, and more.
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The state and public sector with the public and taxpayers. However: • Care needs to be taken to avoid disclosing data which could potentially identify an individual? • Data should be presented in forms that people can use and accompanied by sufficient explanatory information (metadata) to encourage appropriate interpretation. 01_Guest-Part-01.indd 35 11/7/2012 6:59:14 PM 36 PART 1 Assessment Significantly worse than England average Not significantly different from England average England.
Prevalence of disease (say) with precision? How wide are the 95% confidence intervals surrounding the estimate? What kinds of data sources are there? In most countries, there are many different sources of information on the health of the population.2 Different types of information vary in their ‘CART’: Completeness, Accuracy, Relevance (and/or Representativeness), Timeliness. Data sources also vary in the ease with which a ‘base population’ can be identified, for use in the denominator, or for.
In a range of other settings: an article in a newspaper, a letter or email from a concerned individual or group, or a public challenge in a meeting. Definitions • Inference: is the process of passing from observations and axioms to generalizations. Making causal inferences from observational data is an important aspect of epidemiology and public health practice.2 When we make inferences we are typically concerned with the interpretation of evidence in light of our prior understandings to reach.
You need to specify, for the context of your decision, the: • population (to whom is the decision being applied) • exposure (an intervention if the question is about effectiveness, or a risk factor if the question is about harm) • comparator • outcome(s) • time (period or time horizon you are interested in). This is the acronym PECOT.1 Another well-known acronym is PICO (Population or participant, Intervention or indicator, Comparator or control, Outcome) which is frequently used for clinical.
Operation over long periods of time, is more important in systems for outbreak detection. System characteristics System characteristics also vary with the primary purpose of the system (Table 2.8.2): Data sources These are most diverse for programme management and least diverse for case management where individual treatment and case management decisions require a follow-up with personal identifiers. Outbreak detection can often be done with data that do not contain personal identifiers, yet timely.