Organic Chemistry
Language: English
Pages: 1312
ISBN: 1133952844
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
Succeed in the course with this student-friendly, proven text. Designed throughout to help you master key concepts and improve your problem-solving skills, CHEMISTRY, Seventh Edition includes a running margin glossary, end-of-chapter in-text mini study guides, a focus on "how to" skills, and more in-chapter examples and problems than any text on the market. To help you understand reaction mechanisms, the authors offset them in a stepwise fashion and emphasize similarities between related mechanisms using just four different characteristics: breaking a bond, making a new bond, adding a proton, and taking a proton away. Thoroughly updated throughout, the book offers numerous biological examples for premed students, unique roadmap problems, a wide range of in-text learning tools, and integration with an online homework and tutorial system, which now includes an interactive multimedia eBook. Available with InfoTrac Student Collections http://gocengage.com/infotrac.
Intermediate Accounting, Volume 1 (10th Canadian Edition)
Construction Technology (4th Edition)
Fundamentals of Air Pollution (5th Edition)
Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
Base (proton acceptor), and ammonium ion is the acid (proton donor). H H H9O 1 H H Base N 1 1 H9O9H H N 1 H H H H Acid Conjugate acid of H2O Conjugate base of NH41 (b) Ethanol is the acid (proton donor), and amide ion (NH22) is the base (proton acceptor). CH3CH2O 9 H Acid 1 2 N H 2 CH3CH2O H Base 1 H9N9H H Conjugate base of CH3CH2OH Conjugate acid of NH22 Problem 4.2 Write these reactions as proton-transfer reactions. Label which reactant is the acid and which is.
Mechanistic discussions that follow. Equipping students with the proper tools from the beginning will give them a predictive command of reactivity and foster chemical intuition, while discouraging superficial memorization. ● Because of the increased use of NMR spectroscopy in chemical and biochemical research, as well as the growing dependence on MRI for medical diagnosis, Chapter 13, “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,” is detailed and up to date. The practical and theoretical aspects.
Increasing energy, from lowest to highest. In this course, we are concerned primarily with the elements of the first, second, and third periods of the Periodic Table. Orbitals fill in the order 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, and so on. The Pauli exclusion principle requires that only two electrons can occupy an orbital and that their spins must be paired. To understand what it means to have paired spins, recall from general chemistry that just as the earth has a spin, electrons have a quantum mechanical.
Flexible IUPAC system of nomenclature. In this text, we concentrate on IUPAC names. However, we also use common names, especially when the common name is used almost exclusively in everyday discussions among chemists. When both IUPAC and common names are given in the text, we give the IUPAC name first, followed by the common name in parentheses. In this way, you should have no doubt about which name is which. Unless otherwise noted all art on this page © Cengage Learning 2013 Copyright 2013.
Quite unreactive toward most reagents, a behavior consistent with the fact that they are nonpolar compounds and contain only strong sigma bonds. Under certain conditions, however, alkanes and cycloalkanes do react with O2 and with the halogens Cl2 and Br2. At this point, we present only their combustion with oxygen. We discuss their reaction with halogens in Chapter 8. A. Oxidation The oxidation of alkanes by O2 to give carbon dioxide and water is by far their most economically important.