Archives of Authority: Empire, Culture, and the Cold War
Andrew N. Rubin
Language: English
Pages: 225
ISBN: 0691154155
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
Combining literary, cultural, and political history, and based on extensive archival research, including previously unseen FBI and CIA documents, Archives of Authority argues that cultural politics--specifically America's often covert patronage of the arts--played a highly important role in the transfer of imperial authority from Britain to the United States during a critical period after World War II. Andrew Rubin argues that this transfer reshaped the postwar literary space and he shows how, during this time, new and efficient modes of cultural transmission, replication, and travel--such as radio and rapidly and globally circulated journals--completely transformed the position occupied by the postwar writer and the role of world literature.
Rubin demonstrates that the nearly instantaneous translation of texts by George Orwell, Thomas Mann, W. H. Auden, Richard Wright, Mary McCarthy, and Albert Camus, among others, into interrelated journals that were sponsored by organizations such as the CIA's Congress for Cultural Freedom and circulated around the world effectively reshaped writers, critics, and intellectuals into easily recognizable, transnational figures. Their work formed a new canon of world literature that was celebrated in the United States and supposedly represented the best of contemporary thought, while less politically attractive authors were ignored or even demonized. This championing and demonizing of writers occurred in the name of anti-Communism--the new, transatlantic "civilizing mission" through which postwar cultural and literary authority emerged.
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Practices that placed the texts of Auden, Arendt, Camus, Faulkner, Koestler, Silone, Wright, and others in an assemblage of publications in several languages simultaneously—in Arabic, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish. In this way, the CCF and organizations like it reconstituted the conditions of humanist practice. It consolidated and reframed writers' associations and affiliations; it secured some reputations; it tried to ruin others;27 it upheld an illusion of the.
Nineteen Eighty-Four by suggesting that the success of the work was what accounted for its importance: “Orwell wanted to break through the noise and claptrap, especially government propaganda of his age, and he chose a most extreme rhetorical form as his vehicle. The success of Nineteen Eighty-Four validates the wisdom of his choice.”15 Yet in the summer of 1996, Orwell's reputation came under a very different form of scrutiny than his texts had endured in 1984 over the battle of its.
Opposition of a dialectical synthesis; rather, Humanism and Democratic Criticism is more complicated because it enacts the terms of modernity in the metaphors of a space that corresponds to the humanist's consciousness of non-identity. This was crucial for coordinating a modernist theory and practice of interpreting the particular to the general in terms of a negative dialectics that, unlike Hegel's, did not find reconciliation in the negation of non-identity and identity. To reconcile the two,.
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